Mental models for better questions

Strip a problem to what you know is true, then build your answer back up from there.

Instead of asking how to succeed, ask what would guarantee failure — then avoid that. The negative answer is usually far more concrete.

Ask what happens after what happens. Most bad decisions look good one step out and fall apart at step two.

Everyone thinks about the same thing in the same way at the same time — one hat at a time — instead of arguing from six angles at once.

The event is the tip. Underneath sit the patterns, structures and beliefs producing it — and those are the only levers that change anything.

Feedback that lands: name the situation, describe the behaviour, then say the impact. No labels, no guesses about character.